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SUMMARY The three major wetland types have characteristic fish communities. River-associated wetlands harbour a rich diversity of fishes which can either survive habitat desiccation during the dry-down, or migrate to and fro with the flood. Endorheic wetlands have a lower diversity of species which are typically ‘r’-selected relative to mainstream riverine or lacustrine forms. Marine wetlands have a variety of peripheral or marine forms, but are not discussed in this account. The dynamics of wetland fish communities are determined by periodically changing abiotic factors, especially water temperature and water level, and biotic factors, especially food availability. Water level fluctuations have several important functions and result in pulses of nutrient input and fish abundance. Wetland fish stocks can usually be sustained as long as the pristine flood regime is retained, but disruption of the flooding pattern interferes with fish breeding and nutrient flow. Fishing yields may be directly correlated wit... |
