Toward Milder Personal Care Cleansing Products: Fast ex vivo Screening of Irritating Effects of Surfactants on Skin Using Raman Microscopy
| Autor: | Irina V. Chernyshova, Derek Doowon Kim, Hongwei Shen, Aixing Fan, Brajesh Jha, Ponisseril Somasundaran |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Personal care
integumentary system Chemistry General Chemical Engineering 02 engineering and technology General Chemistry 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology Condensed Matter Physics 030207 dermatology & venereal diseases 03 medical and health sciences symbols.namesake 0302 clinical medicine Microscopy symbols 0210 nano-technology Raman spectroscopy Ex vivo Biomedical engineering |
| Zdroj: | Tenside Surfactants Detergents. 56:388-397 |
| ISSN: | 2195-8564 0932-3414 |
| Popis: | We report a novel Raman technique that allows fast and reliable ex vivo assessment of the irritability of personal care cleansing products to the skin in terms of the molecular-level effects such as retention of water by corneocytes, change in the packing order and content of intercellular lipids, and the structure of keratin. We test this technique for the single surfactants (dodecyl glucoside, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium cocoyl glycinate, lauramidopropyl betaine) that are typically used in personal care, as well as on three types of commercial soap bars (“superfat”, “syndet”, and “combar”). We find that soaking of the skin for prolonged time in pure water can cause unfolding of keratin, which is commonly considered as a signature of “harshness” when dealing with the surfactant formulations. Moreover, molecular-level signatures of irritability of the test surfactants and soaps at brief (10 min) exposure times do not follow the trend expected from their critical micelle concentrations (CMC) and collagen swelling. In particular, dodecyl glucoside has positive impact on the barrier properties of the stratum corneum (SC) and apparent detergency properties (solubilizes lipids without affecting their packing order). We also find that two qualitatively different soap bars (“superfat” and “syndet”) are similarly mild under the conditions studied, while the “combar” soap has detergency properties. These results demonstrate that to improve methodology of predicting irritability of a surfactant-based formulation, we need to study more systematically the molecular-level responses of the SC to exposure. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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