Preliminary estimating the contemporary sedimentation trend in dry valley bottoms of first-order catchments of different landscape zones of the Russian Plain using the137Cs as a chronomarker
| Autor: | Marat Gafurov, Aidar Sharifullin, Artur Gafurov, Artyom Gusarov, Benedict Essuman-Quainoo |
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| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Hydrology
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences 0208 environmental biotechnology Taiga 02 engineering and technology Sedimentation 01 natural sciences 020801 environmental engineering Snowmelt Temperate climate Erosion Period (geology) Environmental science Arable land Surface runoff 0105 earth and related environmental sciences |
| Zdroj: | IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 107:012022 |
| ISSN: | 1755-1315 1755-1307 |
| DOI: | 10.1088/1755-1315/107/1/012022 |
| Popis: | A general trend of erosion processes over the last 50–60 years can be estimated by dating sediments washed off from arable lands and accumulated in the first-order dry valleys bottoms. Three small (first-order) catchments were chosen as objects of the study. They are located, respectively, in the southern part of the taiga zone, the zone of temperate broad-leaf forests and the forest-steppe zone of the Russian Plain. To date the sediments accumulated in the bottoms the radioactive caesium-137 (137Cs) of global (since 1954) and Chernobyl origin (1986) had been used as a chronomarker. The average (for all the catchments) sedimentation rates during the global 137Cs fallout period (1963(1954)–1986) are at least 0.88–2.71 cm per year.For the period that has passed since the Chernobyl accident (1986–2015(2016)) the average rates were 0.15–1.07 cm per year. The greatest reduction in the sedimentation rates is observed in the subzone of the southern taiga, the lowest one is in the forest-steppe zone of the Russian Plain. The main reason for such significant reduction in the rates of sedimentation of the soil erosion products in the dry valley bottoms was a reduction of surface runoff within the catchments during a snowmelt period, as well as crop-rotation changes there. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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