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The Republic of Panama provides a fascinating case study for the examination of democratic development in a “developing” country. Like many countries, Panama has a history of colonialism, late independence, and politico-economic dependence. Uniquely, however, Panama is a Western Hemisphere nation that experienced neo-colonialism for most of its “independence” in the 20th century, owing to the enormous US presence. The Canal Zone represented a US enclave that magnified US military, economic and political power to such an extent that from 1903 to 1979 Panama could be said to have been sovereign in name only. Thus, Panama represents a case study in the developing world where we can observe the influence of both domestic and external factors on the process of democratic development. |
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