Reservoir processes in steam-assisted recovery of bitumen, Leming pilot, Cold Lake, Alberta, Canada: compositions, mixing and sources of co-produced waters
| Autor: | Hugh J. Abercrombie |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 1991 |
| Předmět: |
geography
Aqueous solution geography.geographical_feature_category Mixing (process engineering) food and beverages Mineralogy Aquifer Pollution Salinity chemistry.chemical_compound chemistry Geochemistry and Petrology Environmental chemistry Environmental Chemistry Carbonate Sedimentary rock Water vapor Groundwater Geology |
| Zdroj: | Applied Geochemistry. 6:495-508 |
| ISSN: | 0883-2927 |
| Popis: | Chemical and isotopic analyses of aqueous species in co-produced waters from cyclic steam bitumen recovery wells at the Leming pilot, Cold Lake, Alberta, Canada, show the dominant control of co-produced water chemistry to be mixing of waters of natural origin with injected water and condensed steam. Co-produced waters from early cycles are characterized by highly transient compositions and temperature relative to later cycles which show more subdued trends with time. Production of injected water and condensed steam can be detected by freshening of co-produced water and interaction with a vapour phase can be detected by a decrease in δ13C of dissolved carbonate with no concomitant decrease in the salinity of co-produced waters. Mixing diagrams with Cl as a conservative component have been constructed and are to show progressive mixing of relatively fresh injected water and condensed steam with more saline waters of natural origin. Mixing considerations imply the existence of at least two water of natural origin. One is produced typically in early cycles and is characterized by relatively high HCO3 concentrations, molar Cl/HCO3 ratios 50 and probably originates in water-saturated sandstones which occur adjacent to the bitumen reservoirs. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|