Accounting for channeling and shielding effects for vapor cloud explosions
| Autor: | Lisa Nikodym, Paul Hassig, Vincent Nasri, James Wesevich, John Mould |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
Engineering
General Chemical Engineering Nuclear engineering 0211 other engineering and technologies Energy Engineering and Power Technology 02 engineering and technology Management Science and Operations Research Impulse (physics) Computational fluid dynamics Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering Shield 0502 economics and business Waveform 050207 economics Safety Risk Reliability and Quality Blast wave 021110 strategic defence & security studies business.industry 05 social sciences Structural engineering Vapor cloud Process safety Control and Systems Engineering Electromagnetic shielding business Food Science |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries. 50:205-220 |
| ISSN: | 0950-4230 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.jlp.2017.09.015 |
| Popis: | Vapor cloud explosions (VCEs) can cause significant damage to nearby buildings, facilities and infrastructure with potential loss of life and significant business interruption, so the accuracy of predicting blast loads on facility buildings is critical in estimating these losses. Closely spaced buildings and process equipment outside of the congested region of a VCE provide a complicated flow field for an expanding blast wave. Their presence can channel and shield the blast, resulting in significant effects on the blast load magnitude and waveform shape. Currently, the most common way to estimate applied blast pressures resulting from VCE's is to use simplified methods that account for the total energy from the stoichiometric portion of the vapor cloud, fuel reactivity, and level of congestion and confinement, such as the TNO Multi-energy, equivalent TNT, CAM, and BST methods. These simplified tools assume an unobstructed line-of-site condition, which can overestimate and/or underestimate blast loads. This paper illustrates the use of a fast-running Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) approach that can account for channeling and shielding effects without having to use a turbulent combustion model. This approach provides a convenient tool for designers and process safety planners to more accurately quantify the hazard from postulated VCE hazards that include site-specific channeling and shielding effects. The accuracy of the approach is demonstrated via comparisons of CFD simulations to experimentally measured waveforms. Computed pressure and impulse are also compared to the BST predictions for unobstructed and obstructed sites. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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