Toxicity of Rapeseed Meal and Methyl Isothiocyanate to Larvae of the Black Vine Weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
| Autor: | Matthew J. Morra, L. R. Elberson, Vladimir Borek, Joseph P. McCaffrey |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 1997 |
| Předmět: |
food.ingredient
Rapeseed Ecology biology fungi Brassica food and beverages General Medicine biology.organism_classification complex mixtures Otiorhynchus sulcatus Soil conditioner chemistry.chemical_compound Horticulture food chemistry Agronomy Methyl isothiocyanate Insect Science Glucosinolate Isothiocyanate Canola |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Economic Entomology. 90:109-112 |
| ISSN: | 1938-291X 0022-0493 |
| DOI: | 10.1093/jee/90.1.109 |
| Popis: | Soil amendments of Brassica spp. tissues display toxic effects to a number of soil organisms, including insects. However, application rates necessary to obtain effective insect suppression have not been determined. We tested the toxicity of soil amended with rapeseed, Brassica napus L., seed meal or methyl isothiocyanate to black vine weevil, Otiorhynchus sulcatus (F.), larvae. Control treatments included untreated soil and soil treated with detoxified rapeseed meal. Larvae were exposed to treated soil for 24 h; those remaining motionless 30 min after their extraction from soil were recorded as dead. Mortality data were analyzed assuming the probit model. We estimated LC 50 s to be 19 g of rapeseed meal or 6 mg of methyl isothiocyanate per kilogram of soil. Total conversion of rapeseed meal glucosinolates (123 μ mol/g) could produce up to 44.3 μmol/g of isotiocyanates; however, the actual production was 15% of the expected value. Lethal concentrations of rapeseed meal necessary for effective control in a nursery or field application may be too high for practical use because of low glucosinolate content in commercially grown rapeseed and canola cultivars. Consequently, Brassica spp. tissues containing higher concentrations of isothiocyanate-generating glucosinolates would have greater insecticidal potential. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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