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Background : The reciprocity in the exchanges between the local populations who hold the authentic traditional knowledge that they share with the conservation biologists was not sufficiently taken into account. For fairness and justice in these exchanges, the Nagoya Protocol on Access and Benefit-sharing was established. However, there is a lack of information on access and benefit sharing in unfunded ethnobotanical studies in Africa (MS and PhD research). Traditional knowledge on Detarium microcarpum Guill. & Perr. a multipurpose Fabaceae, unfortunately threatened with extinction, exists in Adamawa, Cameroon. Thus, in relation to a Master Research thesis without funding, a study was dedicated to this plant. Methods : Ethnobotanical methods have made it possible to test the following hypothesis: for an equal number of men and women, the points attributed according to gender to the categories of reciprocity experienced during an ethnobotanical study without funding are equal. Thirty available informed consent volunteers (15 men and 15 women) with knowledge on this plant participated in this study. Results : The majority socio-economic information was: [36-65] years old (66.67%), uneducated (for those with zero years of formal schooling) i.e. 53.34%, agriculture (source of income for men and women) i.e. 63.34%, Dii (66.67%) and Muslims (73%) respectively for age groups, level of education, main activity, ethno-linguistic group and religion. Overall, the "exchange of knowledge" was the reciprocity with more points (31.79%). The analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed a non-significant difference (P ˃ 0.05) between the sexes. Thus, in the unfunded ethnobotanical study conducted in the study area, experienced reciprocity were not gender dependent. Conclusions : For this case study carried out in the Mbe plain (Adamawa, Cameroon), six categories of reciprocity were tested: Volunteer, material gift, co-author citation, Acknowledgement citation, report back and exchange of knowledge. These proposals for reciprocity may serve as a reference for future similar studies. Keywords : Nagoya Protocol, respondent, informed consent, reciprocity, Detarium microcarpum , Cameroon Resume Contexte : La perte du savoir locale acceleree favorisera le protocole de Nagoya sur l’acces et le partage de ses avantages. Ainsi, lors des etudes financees, des reciprocites contribueront a encourager les populations a conserver durablement leurs savoirs. Cependant, un manque d’informations existe sur l’acces et le partage des avantages lors des etudes ethnobotaniques non financees en Afrique (Master recherche et These de Doctorat/PhD). Un savoir traditionnel sur Detarium microcarpum Guill. & Perr., une Fabaceae multifonctionnelle malheureusement menacee de disparition existe dans l’Adamaoua, Cameroun. Ainsi, relativement a un memoire de Master Recherche sans financement, une etude lui a ete dediee. Methodes : Des methodes ethnobotaniques ont permis de tester l’hypothese suivante: pour un nombre d’hommes et femmes egal, les points attribues selon le sexe aux categories de reciprocite experimentees lors d’une etude ethnobotanique sans financement sont egaux. Trente volontaires (15 hommes et 15 femmes) de consentement eclaire, disponibles ayant un savoir sur la plante ont participe. Resultats : Les informations socio-economiques majoritaires etaient: [36-65] ans (66,67 %), sans instruction (pour ceux ayant zero annee d’ecole formelle) soit 53,34%, agriculture (source de revenus des hommes et femmes) soit 63,34 %, Dii (66,67 %) et musulmans (73%) respectivement pour tranches d’âge, niveau d’instruction, principale activite, groupe ethnolinguistique et religion. Globalement, l’« echange de savoirs » etait la reciprocite ayant plus de points (31,79%). L’analyse de variance (ANOVA) a revele une difference non significative (P ˃ 0,05) entre les sexes. Donc, lors de l’etude ethnobotanique sans financement realisee dans la zone d’etude, les reciprocites experimentees ne dependaient pas du sexe. Conclusion : Pour cette etude realisee dans la plaine de Mbe (Adamaoua, Cameroun), six categories de reciprocite ont ete experimentees: Benevolat, cadeau materiel, citation co-auteur, citation remerciement, compte rendu et echange de savoirs. Ces propositions de reciprocite pourront servir de reference aux etudes similaires ulterieures. Mots-cles : Protocole de Nagoya, enquete, consentement eclaire, reciprocite, Detarium microcarpum , Cameroun |
