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Objetivo : En la presente investigacion se exploro y describio en ninos y adolescentes de escuelas publicas y privadas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (Argentina), sobre el desarrollo de comportamientos y habitos de consumo de alcohol. Se indago sobre los factores de riesgo y los factores protectores que pueden incidir en el inicio del consumo y la consecuente modalidad de ingesta de alcohol. Ademas, se busco detectar las actitudes que posicionan al puber con respecto al alcohol, examinando la estructura de opiniones y creencias con respecto a esta sustancia. Metodo: La investigacion se desarrollo en dos fases. En la primera se administro un cuestionario que fue elaborado para evaluar el comportamiento de consumo de alcohol, el mismo consto de cinco preguntas que indagaron sobre consumo familiar, consumo de pares, el propio consumo del nino y/o adolescente, la frecuencia de consumo y la cantidad de bebidas ingeridas en cada ocasion de consumo. En la segunda se llevaron a cabo 24 grupos focales teniendo en cuenta las variables: edad, sexo y los valores obtenidos en el cuestionario sobre comportamiento de consumo de alcohol. R e su lta d o s: Los resultados muestran como principales factores de riesgo para el inicio del consumo de alcohol en ninos y adolescentes, el consumo parental y el del grupo de pares. Como factores protectores se hallaron el apoyo social, el monitoreo parental y la adecuada comunicacion e interaccion entre la diada padre-hijo. Conclusion: Se espera que a partir de esta investigacion se pueda profundizar en el conocimiento de esta problematica con el objetivo de ayudar a repensar las estrategias de accion y/o politicas publicas. Objective: The purpose of the present research was to explore and describe in children and adolescents in public and private schools of Buenos Aires (Argentina), on the development of behaviors and habits of alcohol consumption. In addition were explored the risk and protective factors that can affect the onset of consumption and the consistent form of alcohol intake. In addition, were detected attitudes that place to the pubescent with regard to alcohol, by examining the structure of opinions and beliefs in regard to this substance. It has been explored and described the way in which these factors have an impact in the consumption of alcohol. Method: The research consisted of two phases. In the first, one questionnaire was administered which evaluated the behavior with regard to alcohol. This questionnaire included five questions that asked about: family consumption of alcohol, consumption of pairs and their one consumption of alcohol, apart from the frequency of consumption and quantity. In the second stage 24 focus groups were performed. Results: The results showed as major risk factors for the onset of drinking in children and adolescents, the parental consumption and peer group. As protective factors were found: social support, parental monitoring and adequate communication and interaction between the parent-child dyad. Conclusion : It is expected that from this research to deepen understanding of this problem in order to help rethink strategies of action and/or public policy. |
