Fatty Acid Increases cAMP-dependent Lactate and MAO-B-dependent GABA Production in Mouse Astrocytes by Activating a GαsProtein-coupled Receptor
| Autor: | JaeHyung Koo, Moonsun Sa, C. Justin Lee, Na Hye Lee, Yu Ri Hong |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
chemistry.chemical_classification Gs alpha subunit Monoamine oxidase Fatty acid gamma-Aminobutyric acid Cell biology Adenylyl cyclase 03 medical and health sciences Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience chemistry.chemical_compound 030104 developmental biology chemistry medicine Neurology (clinical) Monoamine oxidase B Receptor G protein-coupled receptor medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | Experimental Neurobiology. 27:365-376 |
| ISSN: | 2093-8144 1226-2560 |
| Popis: | Medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs) are mostly generated from dietary triglycerides and can penetrate the blood-brain barrier. Astrocytes in the brain use MCFAs as an alternative energy source. In addition, MCFAs have various regulatory and signaling functions in astrocytes. However, it is unclear how astrocytes sense and take up MCFAs. This study demonstrates that decanoic acid (DA; C10), a saturated MCFA and a ligand of Gαs protein-coupled receptors (Gαs-GPCRs), is a signaling molecule in energy metabolism in primary astrocytes. cAMP synthesis and lactate release were increased via a putative Gαs-GPCR and transmembrane adenylyl cyclase upon short-term treatment with DA. By contrast, monoamine oxidase B-dependent gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) synthesis was increased in primary cortical and hypothalamic astrocytes upon long-term treatment with DA. Thus, astrocytes respond to DA by synthesizing cAMP and releasing lactate upon short-term treatment, and by synthesizing and releasing GABA upon long-term treatment, similar to reactive astrocytes. Our data suggest that astrocytes in the brain play crucial roles in lipid-sensing via GPCRs and modulate neuronal metabolism or activity by releasing lactate via astrocyte-neuron lactate shuttle or GABA to influence neighboring neurons. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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