| Popis: |
This paper reports common failure mechanisms of steel headed stud anchors (shear studs) in concrete-filled steel composite decks found in the literature comprised through an extensive database of push-out tests representing multiple shear stud configurations used in composite construction around the world. Monotonically and cyclically loaded push-out test specimens perpendicular or parallel steel deck, or in solid slabs, are included in the evaluation. Comparisons to experimental strengths are made with the steel headed stud anchor strength prediction methods from various international Codes and Standards along with other mechanics-based design provisions proposed in the literature. It was found that the prediction for concrete failure modes is often over-predicted, especially in deck perpendicular configurations. Two alternative design equations are presented within the context of the AISC Specification to address consideration for concrete related failures and are validated through comparisons both with push-out tests and composite beam tests found in the literature. |
