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Laser-induced thermal damage and corresponding histological artefacts interfere with accurate histological interpretation, thus hampering the judgment of given pathology and creating a dilemma about the effectiveness of lasers as a bioptic tool. The objective of the present study was to compare macroscopic and microscopic (morphometric, pathomorphological and histochemical) characteristics of biopsies procured by scalpel and two diode laser systems (808 nm and 980 nm) Study was conducted on 105 patients (81 male, 24 female; mean SD age 42 years) who were randomly divided into three groups (808 nm diode laser, 980 nm diode laser and scalpel) with 35 patients each. A total of 525 sections of 5 μm thickness were obtained from 105 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded blocks. A total of 315 sections were stained using H&E for evaluation of morphometric (LTD) and pathomorphological changes (epithelial, connective tissue, vascular and cytological). PAS and Giemsa special stains were used for the evaluation of glycogen content and assessment of inflammation in 105 sections. The 808 nm DL at 2.5W continuous wave (cw) and 980 nm DL at 5W pulsed mode (pm) showed charring in 48% and 31% of samples respectively, while there was no charring in the scalpel group. Mean value of LTD in 808 nm DL group at cw was found to be five times higher than that produced in 980 nm DL group at pm. The 808 nm DL produced higher number of pathomorphological artefacts compared to the other two study groups (980 nm DL, scalpel group). On histochemical evaluation, majority of PAS stained sections showed uniform distribution in scalpel group, while 60% sections in 980 nm DL group and 54.2% sections in 808 nm DL showed patchy distribution.80% of Giemsa-stained sections revealed dense inflammation in scalpel group, 54.2% showed less dense in 808 nm DL group and inflammation was absent in 34.2% sections in 980 nm DL group. The 980 nm diode laser proved to be an effective and preferred bioptic tool over the 808 nm diode laser. |
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