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Introduction Hematological malignancies are the most common tumors in pediatrics. Anthracyclines represent the molecule of choice in their treatments, and are responsible for improving survival. Their cardiovascular complications, increased the morbidity. Purpose Evaluate diagnostic echocardiographic parameters of early cardiotoxicity of anthracyclines in children. Methods Prospective observational study (18 months) including 43 patients followed in onco-hematology for hematological malignancy, on anthracycline, who had a cardiovascular assessment and follow-up. Results The average age is 7.4 years (range 6 months to 16 years), with male predominance (sex ratio = 2.07). All patients were followed for hematologic malignancy: 14 cases of LH, 12 cases of NHL, 12 cases of ALL, and 5 cases of AML. 21 patients were in treatment, 12 patients in remission, and 10 patients scheduled for bone marrow transplantation. All patients were on anthracyclines, with an average cumulative dose of 223 mg/m2. A complete cardiovascular assessment was performed in all patients with a control before each treatment in patients in treatment and every 3 months in patients in remission. Echocardiographic parameters that varied significantly in post chemotherapy were: Ea, Sa, and SGL. Tissue Doppler parameters decreased in 14% of cases after an average cumulative dose of 160 mg/m2. SGL decreased significantly in 7% of cases after an average cumulative anthracycline dose of 290 mg/m2. Conclusion The tissue doppler and the global longitudinal strain have an interest in both the child and the adult in the early detection of anthracycline cardiotoxicity, allowing better management. |
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