Betaherpesvirus Virion Assembly and Egress
| Autor: | William L. Close, Philip E. Pellett, Ashley N. Anderson |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
chemistry.chemical_classification Human cytomegalovirus biology viruses RNA Viral tegument biochemical phenomena metabolism and nutrition biology.organism_classification medicine.disease Genome Cell biology 03 medical and health sciences 030104 developmental biology chemistry Capsid Virion assembly medicine Roseolovirus Glycoprotein |
| Zdroj: | Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ISBN: 9789811072291 |
| Popis: | Virions are the vehicle for cell-to-cell and host-to-host transmission of viruses. Virions need to be assembled reliably and efficiently, be released from infected cells, survive in the extracellular environment during transmission, recognize and then trigger entry of appropriate target cells, and disassemble in an orderly manner during initiation of a new infection. The betaherpesvirus subfamily includes four human herpesviruses (human cytomegalovirus and human herpesviruses 6A, 6B, and 7), as well as viruses that are the basis of important animal models of infection and immunity. Similar to other herpesviruses, betaherpesvirus virions consist of four main parts (in order from the inside): the genome, capsid, tegument, and envelope. Betaherpesvirus genomes are dsDNA and range in length from ~145 to 240 kb. Virion capsids (or nucleocapsids) are geometrically well-defined vessels that contain one copy of the dsDNA viral genome. The tegument is a collection of several thousand protein and RNA molecules packed into the space between the envelope and the capsid for delivery and immediate activity upon cellular entry at the initiation of an infection. Betaherpesvirus envelopes consist of lipid bilayers studded with virus-encoded glycoproteins; they protect the virion during transmission and mediate virion entry during initiation of new infections. Here, we summarize the mechanisms of betaherpesvirus virion assembly, including how infection modifies, reprograms, hijacks, and otherwise manipulates cellular processes and pathways to produce virion components, assemble the parts into infectious virions, and then transport the nascent virions to the extracellular environment for transmission. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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