Response of the Western Spruce Budworm (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) to Temperature and Humidity: Developmental Rates and Survivorship

Autor:	Norman G. Reichenbach, Gordon R. Stairs
Rok vydání:	1984
Předmět:	Tortricidae Larva animal structures Ecology biology fungi Humidity Diapause biology.organism_classification humanities Lepidoptera genitalia Pupa Toxicology Animal science Insect Science Survivorship curve Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics Spruce budworm
Zdroj:	Environmental Entomology. 13:611-618
ISSN:	1938-2936 0046-225X
DOI:	10.1093/ee/13.2.611
Popis:	Developmental rates of embryos, larvae, and pupae of the western spruce budworm, Choristoneura occidentalis , were determined over temperatures ranging from 10 to 31°C and RHs ranging from 10 to 100%. Humidity had a trivial influence on developmental rates of all these life stages, whereas temperature had major effects. Several nonlinear developmental rate models and a cubic polynomial model were fit to the data, all of which adequately described the data for each life stage. Development was minimal below 10°C for all stages, and maximum rates occurred from 26 to 29°C, depending upon sex and life stage. At temperatures above 29°C, the rates decreased sharply. Low temperatures induced melanin production in over 30% of the larvae and pupae. Survival of embryos and pupae was determined over temperatures and humidities as noted above. Embryonic survivorship decreased at the temperature extremes and as the humidity decreased. Survival was highest near 22°C and 100% RH. Pupal survivorship decreased at both temperature and humidity extremes. Rates were highest near 23°C and 75% RH. Survivorship of diapausing larvae decreased at the humidity extremes (10 and 100% RH) and decreased with the length of time in diapause (7 versus 9 months).
Databáze:	OpenAIRE
Externí odkaz:	https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::4706e2e101924312c6628da685ce6105 https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/13.2.611 Zobrazit plný text záznamu