El g��nero Trichoderma en fincas de caf�� con diferente tipo de manejo y estructura vegetal en el centro del estado de Veracruz, M��xico

Autor: Arias Mota, Rosa Mar��a, Heredia Abarca, Gabriela
Jazyk: Spanish; Castilian
Rok vydání: 2022
Předmět:
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5881566
Popis: RESUMEN Antecedentes: Diversos factores tanto bi��ticos como abi��ticos afectan a las poblaciones y diversidad de comunidades microbianas en los agroecosistemas, tales como la diversidad de especies vegetales, competencia microbiana, propiedades f��sico-qu��micas de los suelos, aplicaci��n de pesticidas y/o fertilizantes, as�� como la regi��n geogr��fica. Objetivo: Comparar la abundancia de colonias, la riqueza y diversidad de especies del g��nero Trichoderma en cafetales con diferente tipo de manejo y estructura biof��sica de la vegetaci��n en el centro del estado de Veracruz. M��todos: Las colonias de Trichoderma fueron aisladas de 5 fincas cafetaleras mediante la t��cnica de lavado de part��culas de suelo; la determinaci��n taxon��mica de las especies se llev�� mediante caracteres morfol��gicos; para cada finca se calcul�� la abundancia y riqueza de las especies de Trichoderma y los ��ndices de diversidad, equitatividad y dominancia. La relaci��n entre el manejo agron��mico y las caracter��sticas ed��ficas con las poblaciones de Trichoderma se analizaron mediante pruebas de regresi��n lineal. Resultados y discusi��n: Para esta regi��n cafetalera se aislaron 87 colonias de Trichoderma, ubicadas dentro de 12 especies diferentes, cuatro de las cuales ya hab��a sido reportadas en rizosfera de caf��. La abundancia, riqueza y diversidad de especies fueron muy parecidas en todos los cafetales, ya que no se observaron diferencias significativas entre ellos. La abundancia de las especies de Trichoderma se relacion�� de manera significativa con el ��ndice de manejo que reciben los cafetales y la riqueza espec��fica con el contenido de f��sforo de los suelos de los cafetales. ABSTRACT Background: Biotic and abiotic factors affect the populations and diversity of microbial communities in agroecosystems, such as the diversity of plant species, microbial competition, physical-chemical properties of soils, application of pesticides and / or fertilizers, as well as the geographic region. Objective: To compare the abundance of colonies, the richness and diversity of species of the genus Trichoderma in coffee plantations with different types of management and biophysical structure of the vegetation in the center of the state Veracruz. Methods: Trichoderma colonies were isolated from 5 coffee farms using the soil particle washing technique; the taxonomic determination of the species was carried out by morphological characters; for each farm, the abundance and richness of Trichoderma species and the diversity, fairness and dominance indices were calculated. The relationship between agronomic management and edaphic characteristics with Trichoderma populations was analyzed using linear regression. Results and discussion: For this coffee region, 87 Trichoderma colonies were isolated, within 12 different species, 4 of which had already been reported in the coffee rhizosphere. The abundance, richness and diversity of species were very similar in all coffee plantations, since no significant differences were observed between them. The abundance of Trichoderma species was significantly related to the management index received by the coffee plantations and the specific richness with the phosphorus content of the coffee plantation soils.
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