Cognitive Style and Visual Analysis in First Graders of High and Low Verbal Ability
| Autor: | Joan E. Gildemeister, Philip Friedman |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 1978 |
| Předmět: |
Matching (statistics)
media_common.quotation_subject 05 social sciences Experimental and Cognitive Psychology 030229 sport sciences 050105 experimental psychology Sensory Systems Task (project management) Test (assessment) 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Perception Personality 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences Discrimination learning Latency (engineering) Psychology Cognitive style media_common Cognitive psychology |
| Zdroj: | Perceptual and Motor Skills. 47:759-766 |
| ISSN: | 1558-688X 0031-5125 |
| DOI: | 10.2466/pms.1978.47.3.759 |
| Popis: | Summary.-100 first graders were screened for verbal ability and sub divided into high and low quarriles with 25 children in each group. Field independence, visual analysis, and spatial visualization of these groups was investigated and their social communication skills were assessed. Since small age differences were observed on a number of the tasks, age was controlled as a covariate. As predicted, those of high verbal ability modified response latency under task uncertainty, performed better in spatial analysis, and showed greater social resourcefulness. They were more accurate in discrimination of similarities but did not differ from those of low verbal ability in accuracy on the Children's Embedded Figures test or in discrimination of differences. Intertask relationships and the influence of sex and age on performance were discussed. Currently there is disagreement about the relative usefulness of accuracy and latency measures of cognitive style. Children are consistent over time in their latencies, which tend to lengthen with age (Kagan & Kogan, 1970). Latency may not be as important in the application of children's problem-solving skills as accuracy. Block, Block, and Harrington (1974) reported preschool children's latency on the Matching Familiar Figures test predicted few differences in personality and behavior. Accuracy scores in perceptual matching were related to many important differences. Kogan (1976) in a recent review noted that though classification and scoring on both latency and accuracy was a promising research strategy, latency was a more reliable index of individual differences. In support of this view, Rollins and Genser (1977) reported that latency on Matching Familiar Figures but not accuracy was related to performance on a concept-attainment task. In their extensive study of differences among children, Zelniker and Jeffrey (1976) found that latency measures were stable over two versions of Matching Familiar Figures. However, errors on this test depended on specific demands of the modified task, attention to detail or global analysis. Latency measures are more internally consistent than accuracy in matching figures (Zelniker, Bentler, & Renan, 1977). The moderate negative correlations between accuracy and latency produce problems for analysis because errors are unreliable (Ault, Mitchell, & Hartmann, 1976). The relationship between accurate visual analysis and latency may change |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|