| Popis: |
The first cervical vertebra is called the atlas, and the second cervical vertebra is called the axis. The atlas is an irregular ring with no actual vertebral body. It consists of bilateral lateral masses, transverse processes and anterior-posterior arches. The atlas articulates upper with the occipital condyles and the lateral masses of the axis below form the atlantoaxial joint. The anterior part of the axis is composed of vertebral bodies and odontoid process. The roots of the odontoid processes are thin and easy to fracture and dislocate. The lower cervical vertebral bodies are composed of C3-7, and the vertebrae structures are similar. It consists of vertebral body, bilateral pedicle, bilateral transverse processes, bilateral superior and inferior articular processes, lamina and spinous processes. Every vertebral body has a hook-shaped protrusion on each side of the upper edge, which forms Luschka joints with the upper vertebral body. The spinous processes of the cervical spine are bifurcated. |
