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Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the functional landscapes in the cerebral cortex related to speech. The first regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) study on speech in neurologically normal patients by Ingvar and Schwartz in 1974 included measurements in the dominant hemisphere during speech and reading. A very simple design was used. During the speech test, the names of the week-days or of the months were enumerated repeatedly—“automatic speech.” In the reading test, simple magazine texts were used. The rCBF patterns during these tests were compared with the resting pattern, and with the rCBF changes induced by contralateral arm work. In summary, the findings demonstrated that the language tests used activated a Z-formed cortical region, including the upper speech cortex of Penfield, large parts of the mid-rolandic region including the face-mouth-tongue areas, and possibly also the eye-movement regions, the auditory area and to a remarkably small extent, the speech cortices of Broca and Wernicke. |
