Experimental study of glycerol etherification with C 5 olefins to produce biodiesel additives
| Autor: | P. R. Outón, Ester Iniesta, Maria Izquierdo, J.F. Izquierdo |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
Biodiesel
Olefin fiber 020209 energy General Chemical Engineering Energy Engineering and Power Technology 02 engineering and technology Amyl alcohol Catalysis chemistry.chemical_compound Fuel Technology 020401 chemical engineering chemistry Biofuel Bioenergy Molar ratio 0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering Glycerol Organic chemistry 0204 chemical engineering |
| Zdroj: | Fuel Processing Technology. 160:1-7 |
| ISSN: | 0378-3820 |
| Popis: | The etherification of glycerol with isoamylenes has been studied employing twelve catalytic ion-exchange resins in order to establish the basis for a novel green process coming from this renewable source. Two compositionally different experimental approaches to transform glycerol in biodiesel additives were considered i.e. using glycerol (G), tert -amyl alcohol (TAA) and/or isoamylenes (IA) in variable molar ratios. Reactions were carried out in a stainless steel batch minireactor at temperatures between 313 and 348 K, autogenous pressure to 1.5 MPa and 1–24 h reaction time. The influence of initial molar ratio of reactants, temperature, pressure, reaction time and the catalyst employed were evaluated to optimise the process and attain the maximum conversion of glycerol. Optimization of mixtures of glycerol with TAA resulted in maximum glycerol conversion attaining 51% whilst greater glycerol conversions close to 70% were achieved using mixtures of glycerol/isoamylenes/ tert -amyl alcohol. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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