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The purpose of this work was to study the main factor of breeding – the quality of stallions. The material for research was a database and catalogues of stallions of the Novoalexandrovsky draft breed, allowed for breeding use. The pedigrees of stallions for 5 rows of ancestors were analysed, linear combinations were established (stallion line × mare line), as well as the presence of inbreeding to the V degree. The genealogical structure of the breed is determined, and promising line continuers are identified. Analysis of linear facilities evaluated sires showed that 8 of them belong to the line (1390) Tantal (57,0 %) and three stallion lines (935) Koketlivy (21,5 %) and (909) Gradus (21.5 %). All rated stallions have complex inbreeding in moderate and remote degrees, mainly on Tantal, Koketlivy, Velbot. Analysis of breeding methods for stallions revealed that only one stallion was obtained in an intra-linear combination (1390) of Tantal, the rest were obtained in inter-linear combinations: (1390) Tantal × (909) Gradus (3 stallions), (1390) Tantal × (109) Gazon (3 stallions), (935) Koketlivy × (909) Gradus (2 stallions) and one stallion in combinations: (1390) Tantal × (200) Captain, (935) Koketlivy × (109) Gazon, (909) Gradus × (1390) Tantal, (909) Gradus × (596) Podenshhik, (909) Gradus × (200) Captain. An assessment of the dynamics of the number of breeding stallions in genealogical lines over the 25-year period of breeding work with the Novoalexandrovsky draft breed in Ukraine found a catastrophic reduction in the number of breeding stallions and narrowing the genealogical structure to three lines, while at the time of testing, the breed was structured into 9 genealogical lines. By comparing the exterior of stallions of different lines, that all of the representatives are typical of the heavy body structure, such as: strong constitution, small type head, long neck with an expressive crest, broad chest, long body, medium length of back and loin, correct length and slope of croup, well developed muscles. The limbs are strong with a sufficient circumference of the pastern but with disadvantages of structure: there are different hooves, stretch legs, sabre, clubfoot. The largest stallions by all sizes belong to the line (935) of the Koketlivy (p≤0.05) Thus, it is established that the reproduction composition of the Novoalexandrovsky draft breed is completed with standard stallions-producers of the three most promising genealogical lines. However, the negative dynamics of the population and the narrowing of the genealogical structure pose can be a significant threat to the disappearance of the last remnants of the breed. |
