Weed control by 2,4-D dimethylamine depends on mixture water hardness and adjuvant inclusion but not spray solution storage time
| Autor: | Geoffrey P. Schortgen, Aaron J. Patton |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
Ammonium sulfate biology Hard water Dandelion 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences Plant Science biology.organism_classification Weed control 01 natural sciences chemistry.chemical_compound Horticulture chemistry Taraxacum officinale Distilled water 040103 agronomy & agriculture Conyza canadensis 0401 agriculture forestry and fisheries Agronomy and Crop Science Dimethylamine 010606 plant biology & botany |
| Zdroj: | Weed Technology. 34:107-116 |
| ISSN: | 1550-2740 0890-037X |
| DOI: | 10.1017/wet.2019.117 |
| Popis: | Herbicides are an important tool in managing weeds in turf and agricultural production. One of the earliest selective herbicides, 2,4-D, is a weak acid herbicide used to control broadleaf weeds. Water-quality parameters, such as pH and hardness, influence the efficacy of weak acid herbicides. Greenhouse experiments were conducted to evaluate how varying water hardness level, spray solution storage time, and adjuvant inclusion affected broadleaf weed control by 2,4-D dimethylamine. The first experiment evaluated a range of water-hardness levels (from 0 to 600 mg calcium carbonate [CaCO3] L−1) on efficacy of 2,4-D dimethylamine applied at 1.60 kg ae ha−1 for dandelion and horseweed control. A second experiment evaluated dandelion control from spray solutions prepared 0, 1, 4, 24, and 72 h before application. Dandelion and horseweed control by 2,4-D dimethylamine was reduced when the CaCO3 level in water was at least 422 or at least 390 mg L−1, respectively. Hard-water antagonism was overcome by the addition of 20 g L−1 ammonium sulfate (AMS) into the mixture. When AMS was included in spray mixtures, no differences were observed at 600 mg CaCO3 L−1, compared with distilled water. Spray solution storage time did not influence dandelion control, regardless of water-hardness level or adjuvant inclusion. To prevent antagonism, applicators should use a water-conditioning agent such as AMS when applying 2,4-D dimethylamine in hard water. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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