Natural history of 107 cases of fetal aortic stenosis from a European multicenter retrospective study

Autor: I. E. Averiss, Ulrike Herberg, Julene S. Carvalho, A. Kovacevic, Joaquim Bartrons, Hana Jičínská, Joanna Dangel, Annika Öhman, Taisto Sarkola, Vlasta Fesslova, Helena M. Gardiner, Gerald Tulzer, Mats Mellander
Rok vydání: 2016
Předmět:
Zdroj: Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology. 48:373-381
ISSN: 0960-7692
DOI: 10.1002/uog.15876
Popis: Objectives: Fetal aortic valvuloplasty (FV) aims to prevent fetal aortic valve stenosis progressing into hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS), which results in postnatal univentricular (UV) circulation. Despite increasing numbers of FVs performed worldwide, the natural history of the disease in fetal life remains poorly defined. The primary aim of this study was to describe the natural history of fetal aortic stenosis, and a secondary aim was to test previously published criteria designed to identify cases of emerging HLHS with the potential for a biventricular (BV) outcome after FV. Methods: From a European multicenter retrospective study of 214 fetuses with aortic stenosis (2005-2012), 107 fetuses in ongoing pregnancies that did not undergo FV were included in this study and their natural history was reported. We examined longitudinal changes in Z-scores of aortic and mitral valve and left ventricular dimensions and documented direction of flow across the foramen ovale and aortic arch, and mitral valve inflow pattern and any gestational changes. Data were used to identify fetuses satisfying the Boston criteria for emerging HLHS and estimate the proportion of these that would have been ideal FV candidates. We applied the threshold score whereby a score of 1 was assigned to fetuses for each Z-score meeting the following criteria: left ventricular length and width > 0; mitral valve diameter -2; aortic valve diameter > -3.5; and pressure gradient across either the mitral or aortic valve > 20 mmHg. We compared the predicted circulation with known survival and final postnatal circulation (BV, UV or conversion from BV to UV). Results: Among the 107 ongoing pregnancies there were eight spontaneous fetal deaths and 99 livebirths. Five were lost to follow-up, five had comfort care and four had mild aortic stenosis not requiring intervention. There was intention-to-treat in these 85 newborns but five died prior to surgery, before circulation could be determined, and thus 80 underwent postnatal procedures with 44 BV, 29 UV and seven BV-to-UV circulatory outcomes.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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