| Popis: |
Leather tanning and steel production are considered as important sectors in the world market, but their efficiency requires a huge consumption of water. The import and export trade of these industrial activities have been increased in the past decades to deal with the overcrowding population along with the change of lifestyle pattern, as well as the continued industrialization. According to the recent ISO 14,046, water footprint assessment has risen as a key indicator concept of the total freshwater volume consumed and polluted directly or indirectly across a product’s end-to-end supply chain. For industry purposes, the focus is paid on the identification and quantification of virtual water trade, the scarcity, and pollution involved in the production of goods and services. To increase the awareness of water consumption in leather tanning and steel production, this chapter emphasizes the impacts of these activities on water use and finally provides a relevant database assessment. |
