Karyological studies of Iranian Allium L. (Amaryllidaceae) species with focus on sect. Acanthoprason. 1. Mitotic chromosomes

Autor:	Seyed Abolhassan Shahzadeh Fazeli, Reinhard M. Fritsch, Shahryar Saeidi Mehrvarz, Alireza Dolatyari, Mohammad Reza Naghavi
Rok vydání:	2018
Předmět:	0106 biological sciences B chromosome biology food and beverages Chromosome Karyotype Plant Science Amaryllidaceae Subspecies biology.organism_classification 010603 evolutionary biology 01 natural sciences Botany Allium Ploidy Subgenus Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics 010606 plant biology & botany
Zdroj:	Plant Systematics and Evolution. 304:583-606
ISSN:	2199-6881 0378-2697
Popis:	Eighteen species and subspecies (34 accessions) of Allium sect. Acanthoprason and 11 species (17 accessions) belonging to other subgenera and sections of Allium were karyologically investigated and include first reports for 12 species. The examined plants of 47 accessions were diploid, three accessions of two species were tetraploid, and in the A. bisotunense accession, we found a mix of di- and triploid individuals. B chromosomes were found in 10 accessions. A basic chromosome number of x = 8 was confirmed for all investigated members of subg. Melanocrommyum and subg. Allium, and x = 9 for Allium tripedale of subg. Nectaroscordum. Idiograms were drawn for each accession, and metaphase images are presented illustrating observed chromosomal variations. Also, karyotype features and asymmetry parameters were calculated for all accessions. Chromosomal aberrations, e.g. aneuploid cells or loss of whole or parts of chromosome arms, were rarely observed. In general, the karyotypes showed low variation in inter- and intrachromosomal asymmetry especially inside of the taxonomic groups, though satellited chromosomes were good markers for subgenera and even specific for two studied sections of subg. Allium. Six different types of satellites were recognized, two of them were newly described: Type P was prevalent in subg. Melanocrommyum, and type O in sect. Codonoprasum. Statistical analyses were performed on five karyological parameters to test correct relationships and also to test previous grouping hypotheses. Although our data confirm distinct karyological characters for the subgenera investigated, the remarkable morphological diversity inside of subg. Melanocrommyum is not mirrored by striking karyological differences.
Databáze:	OpenAIRE
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