The Role of Water in Phase Transfer Catalysis

Autor: Salman Dermeik, Onn Arrad, Yoel Sasson, Harold Wiener, Hayder Ali Zahalka, Minda Weiss
Rok vydání: 1988
Předmět:
Zdroj: Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Incorporating Nonlinear Optics. 161:495-516
ISSN: 1044-1859
DOI: 10.1080/00268948808070274
Popis: Water is shown to be an essential component in anion exchange process between metal salts and quaternary onium salts in organic solvents. Hydration of ion pairs in organic phases, on the other hand, reduces the nucleophilicity of anions in displacement reactions. These and other effects of water in liquid-liquid and solid-liquid phase transfer catalyzed substitution reactions are combined into the complex role of water in phase transfer catalysis. The subject is discussed in view of some specific examples.
Databáze: OpenAIRE