| Popis: |
A number of Holliday’s seminal contributions to the acoustics of observing aquatic organisms are noted. Schooling pelagic fish have been sized from their echo resonance structure; fish swimming speeds have been measured through the Doppler effect; and snappers/groupers have been enumerated by high‐resolution sidescan sonar. Zooplankton have been sized through multiple‐frequency measurements of backscatter, and related to the underlying oceanography. Bowhead whales have been localized and tracked by means of a passive sonobuoy array. Certain themes have recurred, emphasizing the importance of both frequency diversity and spatial resolution in quantitative applications. Devices have been designed and built to solve specific problems, advancing the state of the art in these areas. For the student, the respective published work exemplifies the scientific method, introducing an important observational problem, describing its systematic approach, and interpreting results by means of simple but sound physical mo... |
