Properties of Ceramides and Their Impact on the Stratum Corneum Structure: A Review
| Autor: | R H H Neubert, S Wartewig |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2007 |
| Předmět: |
Pharmacology
Ceramide Physiology Dermatology General Medicine Thermotropic crystal chemistry.chemical_compound medicine.anatomical_structure chemistry Stratum corneum structure Lyotropic Biophysics Stratum corneum medicine Organic chemistry lipids (amino acids peptides and proteins) Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Skin barrier function Barrier function |
| Zdroj: | Skin Pharmacology and Physiology. 20:220-229 |
| ISSN: | 1660-5535 1660-5527 |
| DOI: | 10.1159/000104420 |
| Popis: | The lipid matrix of the stratum corneum (SC) is the major diffusion-rate-limiting pathway by which most drugs intracellularly pass the SC. The major lipid classes extracted from the SC are ceramides, cholesterol and free fatty acids. Ceramides that comprise nine subclasses play a crucial role in maintaining the barrier function of the skin. A profound knowledge of the physical properties of ceramides is essential for a deeper understanding of the impact of each ceramide species on the barrier function. The review summarizes the thermotropic and/or lyotropic behaviour of sphingosine-type ceramides (CER AS, CER NS) and phytosphingosine-type ceramides (CER AP, CER NP) revealed by differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Fourier transform Raman spectroscopy in past decades. Polymorphism is a characteristic feature of ceramides. At physiological temperatures, all crystalline phases of ceramides exhibit lamellar structures with highly ordered hydrocarbon chains. The differential behaviour of the head groups of ceramides may be an important determinant for the skin barrier function. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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