Gas exchange-yield relationships of malting barley genotypes treated with fungicides and biostimulants
| Autor: | Ebe Merilo, Pille Sooväli, Ingmar Tulva, Bakhtier Rasulov, Tiia Kangor, Mati Koppel, Pirko Jalakas, Ülle Tamm, Hannes Kollist |
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| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
Stomatal conductance food and beverages Soil Science 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences Plant Science Grain filling Biology Photosynthesis 01 natural sciences Fungicide Agronomy 040103 agronomy & agriculture 0401 agriculture forestry and fisheries Grain yield Water-use efficiency Negative correlation Agronomy and Crop Science 010606 plant biology & botany Transpiration |
| Zdroj: | European Journal of Agronomy. 99:129-137 |
| ISSN: | 1161-0301 |
| Popis: | Optimization between photosynthetic carbon assimilation and stomatal water loss is the key in order to breed crops for future climate. We analyzed stomatal conductance (gs), CO2 assimilation rate (Anet), fungal diseases, grain yield and yield components of seven European malting barley genotypes treated with fungicides alone or together with biostimulants in the field over three consecutive seasons. Stomatal conductance, net assimilation rate and grain yield were affected by genotype, treatment and year. We then examined which of these traits are most strongly correlated with yield. Grain yields ranged between 6000-8300 kg ha−1 in 2015 and 2017, but only 3500–6000 kg ha−1 in 2016 due to hotter and drier weather. The benefits of treatments with fungicides or fungicides together with biostimulants were greater in 2016, when the treatments increased yields by 20–21% on average, compared to 0–11% in 2015 and 2017. In 2016, gs and Anet were correlated with grain yield, indicating that in hotter and drier than average season maintaining higher transpiration and photosynthesis resulted in higher yield. In 2015 and 2017, average values of instantaneous gs and Anet were not significantly correlated with grain yield. Pooling all years, longer pre-heading period, higher grain numbers per ha and per ear, larger 1000-kernel weight and higher water use efficiency were associated with higher grain yield, whereas a negative correlation was detected between grain yield and the number of ears per area. Thus, developing fewer productive tillers per area, but more and heavier grains per ear led to higher grain yield. Major barley fungal pathogens had a negative effect on grain yield via shortening of grain filling period. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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