VARIABLES IN EARLY DISCRIMINATION LEARNING: I. MOTOR RESPONSES IN THE TRAINING OF A LEFTRIGHT DISCRIMINATION1
| Autor: | Wendell E. Jeffrey |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 1958 |
| Předmět: |
media_common.quotation_subject
Human factors and ergonomics Poison control Stimulus (physiology) Suicide prevention Education Perception Pediatrics Perinatology and Child Health Injury prevention Developmental and Educational Psychology Discrimination learning Psychology Receptor activation Cognitive psychology media_common |
| Zdroj: | Child Development. 29:269-275 |
| ISSN: | 1467-8624 0009-3920 |
| DOI: | 10.1111/j.1467-8624.1958.tb04884.x |
| Popis: | Recently there have been various discussions of perceptual development (4, 8), response factors in learning (7), or early discrimination learning (5) which are in general concerned with an organism's early experience with stimuli and the effects of this experience on subsequent performance. Experiments with both rats (3) and chimpanzees (9) have also demonstrated that early environment is important for later discrimination learning. For practical as well as theoretical purposes it would be valuable to know the type and amount of experience that is necessary, and the time at which it should occur, if the time factor is critical at all. Young children may be particularly good Ss for such research inasmuch as discriminations can be found which they do not normally make and seem to learn only with great difficulty before certain ages. The ability to learn these discriminations may then be taken as a critical indication of the effect of various types of experience in a pretraining situation. A number of studies have been done (I, 6, io) following such a plan but, in most cases, the problempresented to the child was simply one of learning which response to attach to each stimulus, inasmuch as the basic distinction among stimuli had probably already been learned. For the present study a situation was sought where the presentation of differential stimuli apparently aroused no differential responses beyond those involved in receptor activation. This would provide a situation that would coincide more closely with Hebb's notion of early learning and would also fit closely with what others have referred to as perceptual development. A study by Swanson and Benton (ii) suggested that leftright distinctions provide a difficult learning task for young children. After |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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