Environmentally friendly fire-resistant epoxy resins based on a new oligophosphonate with high flame retardant efficiency
| Autor: | Elena Hamciuc, Ionela-Daniela Carja, Corneliu Hamciuc, Tachita Vlad-Bubulac, Gabriela Lisa, Diana Serbezeanu, Vicente Forrat Pérez |
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| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
Thermogravimetric analysis
Materials science Bisphenol General Chemical Engineering 02 engineering and technology General Chemistry Epoxy 010402 general chemistry 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology 01 natural sciences 0104 chemical sciences Limiting oxygen index Differential scanning calorimetry Chemical engineering visual_art Polymer chemistry visual_art.visual_art_medium Thermal stability Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy 0210 nano-technology Fire retardant |
| Zdroj: | RSC Advances. 6:22764-22776 |
| ISSN: | 2046-2069 |
| DOI: | 10.1039/c5ra27451f |
| Popis: | Advanced flame retardant epoxy resins, environmentally friendly, with different contents of a new oligophosphonate (PFR), were prepared using dicyandiamide as a hardener and 1,1-dimethyl-3-phenylurea as an accelerator. PFR, with a high phosphorus content, was synthesized by polycondensation reaction of phenylphosphonic dichloride with a phosphorus-containing bisphenol, namely bis((6-oxido-6H-dibenz[c,e][1,2]oxaphosphorinyl)-(4-hydroxyaniline)methylene)-1,4-phenylene. The bisphenol was prepared by reacting 9,10-dihydro-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide with an imine bisphenol resulting from the condensation of 4-aminophenol with terephthalaldehyde. The structure and morphology of cured epoxy resins were evaluated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis, respectively. Differential scanning calorimetry analysis revealed that cured epoxy resins containing PFR possessed slightly higher glass transition temperatures than phosphorus-free cured epoxy resin. Thermogravimetric analysis and limiting oxygen index values indicated that the incorporation of PFR into epoxy resin substantially enhanced the thermal stability and flame retardancy of the char layer at high temperature. The surface morphology of the char residue was studied by SEM measurements. The kinetic processing of thermogravimetric data was carried out using Friedman and Vyazovkin methods. The lifetime prediction analysis established that the fire-resistant phosphorus-containing epoxy resins could be used at a constant temperature of 200 °C up to 620–630 minutes. The new PFR can be successfully used as a very efficient flame retardant for improving the fire-resistance properties of epoxy resins. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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