Reliable planning of isolated Building Integrated Photovoltaic systems
| Autor: | Janet Eid, Rasha El-Azab, Amr M. A. Amin |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Environmental Engineering
Renewable Energy Sustainability and the Environment Computer science 020209 energy Photovoltaic system 0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering Systems engineering Energy Engineering and Power Technology 02 engineering and technology Management Monitoring Policy and Law 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology 0210 nano-technology |
| Zdroj: | Clean Energy. 5:32-43 |
| ISSN: | 2515-396X 2515-4230 |
| DOI: | 10.1093/ce/zkaa028 |
| Popis: | In this paper, two probabilistic reliability indices are presented to define the effect of clouds on different types of Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) systems. Existing indices do not match the main features of photovoltaic (PV) sources, such as variability, uncertainty and dependency on weather conditions. In addition, they are time indicators that describe the percentage of total failure time per year without any indication about power or energy mismatch. By using the available Geographic Information System solar-irradiation database, the proposed indices consider a similar pattern of expected daily solar irradiation as a model of PV systems. Two different models are studied for diverse building loads: an energy model for flexible loads and a constant-power model for critical loads. A comparative study is implemented for six different locations: Cairo, London, Berlin, Beijing, Madrid and Riyadh. Moreover, three types of BIPV systems are studied: fixed, double-axis-tracking and concentrated PV systems. The presented results show the effects of clouds, PV type and locations on the system performance. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|