| Popis: |
Last 20th-century urban area faced with the phenomenon of Urban Heat Island (UHI) caused over land use to meet increasing human needs. The most populous island in Indonesia is Java Island, in the year 2015 recorded population density rising 0.82% from the year 2000 to reach 20,902 people/km2. The layout of urban areas in Java is bordered by sea due to the climate is more heat, such as Jakarta, Tangerang, Serang, Semarang, Surabaya, Sidoarjo, Banyuwangi and Cilacap. The phenomenon existence of UHI in 8 cities, it's interesting to be analysed using the air temperature time series throughout the 21th-century. The impact identification of UHI on a sense of discomfort and potential drought is done by correlating values of air temperature against Discomfort Index (DI) and Accumulated Potential Water Loss (APWL). Further analysis using Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model for last decade is done to map the spatial and temporal patterns of UHI in Java. Based on the analysis of trend line, the 8 cities experienced a temperature increase between 0.0060°C/years to 0.0246°C/years, indicating the occurrence of UHI. The increase of temperature value cause the change of normal temperature value significantly every decade. The range values of the correlation between temperature and DI are 0.746 to 0.987 showed UHI effect is strong against impact sense of discomfort, but the effect is weak against a potential drought due to the range values of the correlation between temperature and APWL are –0.677 to 0.120. WRF output results showed during the last decade, UHI in spatial experience increased the area of 33°C to 34°C maximum temperature. |
