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The Enviro-HIRLAM (Environment - HIgh Resolution Limited Area Model) is seamless/ online integrated numerical weather prediction and atmospheric chemical transport modelling system capable to simulate simultaneously meteorology – atmospheric composition on regional to subregional – urban scales.The main areas of the model research and development include: downscaling/ nesting for high resolutions; improved resolving boundary and surface layers structures; urbanization and sub-layer processes; improvement of advection schemes; integration of natural and anthropogenic emission inventories; implementation of gas-phase chemistry mechanisms, aerosol dynamics and microphysics, aerosol feedback and interactions mechanisms.The Enviro-components includes: gas-phase chemistry; aerosol microphysics with nucleation, coagulation, condensation of sulfate, mineral dust, sea-salt, black and organic carbon together with aerosols’ dry and wet deposition, sedimentation processes; parameterisations of urban sublayer with modifications of the interaction soil–biosphere–atmosphere scheme; sulfur cycle mechanism with dimethyl sulfide, sulfur dioxide and sulfate; radiation scheme improved to account explicitly for aerosol radiation interactions for aerosol subtypes; aerosol activation implemented in condensation-convection scheme with nucleation dependent on aerosol properties and ice-phase processes; locally mass-conserving semi-Lagrangian numerical advection scheme; natural and anthropogenic emission inventories.The Enviro-HIRLAM utilises extraction and pre-processing of initial/ boundary meteorology-chemistry-aerosol conditions and observations for data assimilation (from ECMWF’s ERA-5 & CAMS), pre-processing of selected emission inventories for anthropogenic and natural emissions. The latest version has been run on CRAY-XC30/40 and Atos BullSequana HPCs machines, and it has been developed through the research and HPC projects such as Enviro-HIRLAM at CSC and Enviro-PEEX & Enviro-PEEX(Plus) at ECMWF, as well as other research projects.The research, development and science education of the modelling system and its applications will be demonstrated on examples, where the Enviro-HIRLAM is used as a research tool for studies in domain of the Pan-Eurasian Experiment (PEEX; https://www.atm.helsinki.fi/peex) programme. Examples of such include: aspects of regional-subregional-urban downscaling with focus on metropolitan areas of St.Petersburg and Moscow; influence of dust transport from artificial tailing dumps and Cu-Ni smelters of the Kola Peninsula on pollution of environment and health of population; aerosol feedbacks and interactions at regional scale in the Arctic-boreal domain; evaluation of atmosphere-land-sea surfaces interactions, and in particular, heat-moisture exchange/ regime between these surfaces and for better understanding and forecasting of local meteorology in the Arctic; analysis of urban meteorology and atmospheric pollution with integrated approach to high-resolution numerical modelling; and others. The modelling output provides meteorology-chemistry related input to assessment studies for population and environment as well as can be integrated into GIS environment for further risk/vulnerability/consequences/etc. estimation, and other studies.The science education component for the model is also realised though short-term visits of young researchers, organization and carrying out research training weeks. The latest face-to-face trainings took place in Apr and Jun 2019 (Helsinki and Tyumen), and online in Nov-Dec 2021 (https://megapolis2021.ru). |
