| Popis: |
The information is presented about the economic importance and promises of the European cranberrybush cultivation, in particular, the attention has been accented on the consuming and medicinal value of its fruits and the plants bark and leaves as the sources of the biologically active substances. The Viburnum opulus L. plantations have appeared valuable from the viewpoint of ecology for they function as the most substantial soil protective patches and can be used widely as perspective sylvicultural as well as fruit and small fruit orchards. The paper states that the ability to accumulate vitamin C is a genetically determined species trait of Viburnum. However, the cultivation of wild plants, causes the formation of large fruits, but concerning the biochemical parameters they are inferior to the forms of natural coenoses, in particular, the content of ascorbic acid. The fruits of Viburnum opulus L. contain a number of other nutrients, including 13 free amino acids, among which dominated serine, glutamic acid, alanine etc. dominate as well as phenolic (P-active) substances, carotenoids, compounds of manganese, copper, bromine, selenium, nickel, strontsium, silver, iodine, boron and so on. Until recently European cranberrybush was considered a medicinal plant. But with the growing demand for fruit raw materials with high nutritional value, this plant was included in to a number of niches introduced into the culture of horticulture. As a result of the indidual selection (in a hybrid nursery) of the seedlings formed from hybride seeds obtained by means of the controlled and artificial pollination and inspection of the Ukraine’s waste ecosystems breeding forms have been selected that distinguish themselves for valuable economic traits. Among the studie initial material the new breeding forms (Yaroslavna, Elina, Uliana, Ania, Koralova Podilska and Tsukrova have been selected and registered by the National Centre of the Genetic Resources of the Plants of Ukraine. ‘Anya’ and ‘Uliana’ have been transferred to the State strain testing in 2019 and entered into the State Register of the Cultivars of the Plants Favourable for the Spread in Ukraine in 2020. The ferms F 11-3-2016 (Krasunia), F 329-10-17 (Gigantela), F 360-5-17 (Omriiana) and F 302-11-17 (Sokovyta) are characterized with the important economic traits and are significant initial material for the prior directions of the European cranberrybush breeding. The above mentioned forms distinguish themselves for the high winter-hardiness and drought-resistance (9 points) as well as the average (more than 6 kg/plant) and high productivity (above 17 kg/plant). |
