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Garcinia mangostana L. (Clusiaceae) principally contains gamma (γ)-mangostin, a xanthone that exhibits a wide spectrum of bioactivities. The current study was aimed to establish the gastroprotective effect of this compound in ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injuries in rats. Experimental Sprague Dawley (SD) rats (n = 30) were arbitrarily alienated into 5 groups (n = 6): negative control (10% Tween 20), ulcer control (10% Tween 20 + 5ml/kg absolute alcohol), reference control (5ml/kg absolute alcohol + 20mg/kg omeprazole), and two experimental groups (5ml/kg absolute alcohol + 10mg/kg γ-mangostin and 5ml/kg absolute alcohol + 20mg/kg γ-mangostin). After successful oral feeding, all rats were anesthetized and sacrificed. Gastro-histology highlighted severe injuries to the gastric mucosa with decrease in gastric mucosal content and gastric juice pH in ulcer control group. γ-mangostin (10 mg/kg & 20 mg/kg) showed strong gastroprotective effect by enhancing gastric mucosal content and gastric juice pH compared to the ulcer group, comparable to the omeprazole. Immuno-histochemical analysis revealed that γ-mangostin found to upregulate mucosal Hsp70 protein, and down-regulate Bax proteins. The biochemical analysis of mucosal tissue homogenate showed significant antioxidant activity with increase in SOD and CAT activities, whereas MDA was significantly decreased at p |
