Natural incidence of aspergilli, penicilli, fusaria and their multiple toxins in the seeds of dried red chillies (Capsicum annuum Linn.) from Jammu and Kashmir (UT)

Autor: Geeta Sumbali, Shallu Samyal
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
Zdroj: Indian Phytopathology. 74:95-102
ISSN: 2248-9800
0367-973X
DOI: 10.1007/s42360-020-00291-2
Popis: An investigation was carried out to isolate and enumerate the species of three mycotoxin producing fungal genera (Aspergillus, Penicillium and Fusarium) and determine their mycotoxin profile from the sampled chilli seeds. Both household and market samples of chilli pods were randomly collected from the two divisions of Jammu and Kashmir (UT) and their seeds were removed aseptically for analysis. Mycoflora assessment indicates that chilli seeds are capable of harbouring several fungal species belonging to these three genera and their perfect states. Overall Aspergillus and Penicillium were represented by 10 and 13 species respectively followed by decreasing order by the perfect states, Eurotium (4) and Emericella (2). In addition to this, Fusarium was represented by 2 species. Results obtained from HPLC analysis showed that the chilli seed samples were contaminated with aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), aflatoxin B2 (AFB2), sterigmatocystin (STER), cyclopiazonic acid (CPA), citrinin (CIT), patulin (PAT), zearalenone (ZEN) and zearalenol (ZOL). The two fusarial toxins, ZEN and ZOL were detected to be quite high up to 40.2 μg/g of seed sample, which shows that these mycotoxins might have been produced both in the field and storage. Presence of multiple toxins in the chilli seeds is of concern as it forms a substantial part of the chilli powder that is consumed in every Indian household.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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