| Popis: |
The analysis of the number of road traffic accidents, injuries and deaths in road crashes was conducted at the regional level. This made it possible to draw conclusions about specific features of spatial distribution of these indicators and the non-accidental nature of their implications for different regions of Ukraine. Based on the methods of spatial statistics and we have demonstrated the existence of spatial patterns in the distribution of risks and consequences of accidents in different regions. Statistical analysis allowed us to identify different types of regions, related to certain categories of risks, injuries and deaths from road accidents. By the analysis of these parameters we were calculated the comprehensive index of road safety for all regions of Ukraine. This allows you to evaluate the complex influence of consequences of accidents on the overall security level of the population of certain regions or groups of regions. The safest roads were in city of Kyiv, Transcarpathian region and city of Sevastopol’, as well as in Ivano-Frankivs’k and Kharkiv regions. The worst state of roads and streets in terms of road accidents and their consequences was in Volyn’, Vinnytsia, Chernihiv, Khmelnytsky and especially in Kherson region. Most of the road crashes were due to driver factors. The percentage of accidents with victims occurred due to fault of drivers in 2013 was ranged from 57.28% in Kyiv to 91.19% in Kharkiv region. The main causes are speeding, unsuccessful maneuvering, unsafe lane changes, violation of rules on intersection or marked crosswalk, driving a vehicle while intoxication through drink or drugs. As a result of these violations in Ukraine committed about 55% of accidents. Due to fault of pedestrians is done much less road accidents than because of due to drivers. The proportion of accidents that have occurred due to pedestrians varies from 6.49% in Transcarpathian region to 20.86% in Mykolaiv region. The main causes of accidents of this type in 2013 are hit by car outside pedestrian crossing (2183 accidents and 449 deaths) and an unexpected appear of pedestrians on the roadway (1495 accidents and 409 fatalities). The results of the study can be used to improve national and regional road and transport safety, and to develop strategies and actions to reduce the risks and consequences of accidents in some regions. It should be more detail to establish the reasons behind the emergence of these factors at the local, regional and national levels and, taking those reasons into account, to develop a set of targeted measures to reduce accidents on the roads and reduce the severity of their consequences. |
