Chemical characteristics of particulate matters and their emission sources over Varanasi during winter season
| Autor: | Akhilesh Kumar, Abhay Kumar Singh, Shani Tiwari, Vineet Pratap, Avneesh Kumar Tripathi, Pradeep Kumar |
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| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Atmospheric Science
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences Biomass 010501 environmental sciences Particulates complex mixtures 01 natural sciences Ion Aerosol Environmental chemistry Environmental Chemistry Environmental science Trajectory analysis Winter season Biomass burning Chemical composition 0105 earth and related environmental sciences |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry. 77:83-99 |
| ISSN: | 1573-0662 0167-7764 |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s10874-020-09405-6 |
| Popis: | The chemical composition of particulate matter impacts both human health and climate. In this study, the chemical characteristics of particulate matter was measured for four months (November 2016–February 2017) at Varanasi, which is located in the middle of the Indo-Gangetic Basin (IGB). The daily observed mean values of PM10 and PM2.5 are 134 ± 48 and 213 ± 80 μg/m3, respectively, which exceeds both national and international standards. The average value of PM2.5/PM10 ratio is 0.64 ± 0.16 which indicates a relatively higher fraction of fine particles that are attributed to anthropogenic emission sources (biomass/post-harvest burning) as corroborated by MODIS fire counts and back trajectory analysis. Ion chromatographic measurements showed that SO42−, Cl−, K+, NO3−, Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+ are the major ionic species present in the aerosol. Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM–EDX) analysis shows the prevalence of carbon-rich particles at Varanasi which is likely due to biomass burning and other anthropogenic sources. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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