| Popis: |
In order to provide optimal care and prognostication it is necessary to stage the extent of cancerous disease. The tumor, node and metastasis (TNM) staging system, now in its eighth edition, is the preferred staging tool for cancer of the exocrine pancreas. First developed in the era before personalized medicine, the increasing shift towards neoadjuvant treatments, together with anatomical particularities with regard to the pancreas, imposes limitations on its use. This chapter presents the current TNM classification and its recent changes and explores some of the controversies in clinical practice. |
