Biochemistry and Pharmacology of Prostaglandin E1: Introductory Remarks
| Autor: | R. Paoletti |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 1986 |
| Předmět: |
chemistry.chemical_classification
biology Thromboxane Prostaglandin Prostacyclin Pharmacology chemistry.chemical_compound chemistry Biochemistry medicine biology.protein lipids (amino acids peptides and proteins) Arachidonic acid Platelet Cyclooxygenase Prostaglandin E1 medicine.drug Polyunsaturated fatty acid |
| Zdroj: | Prostaglandin E1 in Atherosclerosis ISBN: 9783540172406 |
| Popis: | Prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) was discovered by Bergstrom’s group in the 1960s and the structure was originally defined (Fig. 1). PGE1 is a component of the prostaglandin (PG) group and is called a stable prostaglandin; it can be much more active in tissue under physiological conditions than the more recently discovered PGs, such as prostacyclin (PGI2). Its stability is mainly related to the fact that there are only two double bonds in its structure. Prostaglandin E1 derives from dihomogammalinolenic acid (20:3), being an analogue of arachidonic acid (AA). The membrane phospholipids contain AA, a polyunsaturated fatty acid, consisting of 20 carbon atoms and four double bonds. It (20:4) is released after stimuli and is quite a good substrate for the enzyme cyclooxygenase. From AA endoperoxides are formed and then finally a group of well-known PGs, including thromboxane, the platelet aggregating and smooth muscle contracting agent, and PGI2, which has the opposite biological effects, inhibiting platelet aggregation and relaxing arterial smooth muscle cells. In addition, stable PGs are formed, including PGE2 and PGF2α (Fig. 2). |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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