Regenerative Medicine Applications in Hematology
| Autor: | Anne Wiesmann |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2009 |
| Předmět: |
medicine.medical_specialty
Hematology business.industry medicine.medical_treatment Hematopoietic stem cell Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation medicine.disease Lymphoma Transplantation Leukemia medicine.anatomical_structure Internal medicine Immunology medicine Bone marrow business Multiple myeloma |
| Zdroj: | Fundamentals of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine ISBN: 9783540777540 |
| DOI: | 10.1007/978-3-540-77755-7_66 |
| Popis: | Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation provides a potential cure for a variety of hematological and non-hematological diseases. In the 1950s studies demonstrated that total-body irradiation caused lethal damages but that animals could be rescued by the transfusion of bone marrow from another animal. The first attempt to transfer these results to patients with leukemia was performed in 1957 [92]. After the identification and typing of the human leucocyte antigens (HLAs) in 1958, the major histocompatibility complex and the development of immunosuppressive drugs, allogeneic HSC transplantation became possible. Due to matched HLA antigens, the first long-term survivors after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation were reported in 1968 [5]. During the 1980s autologous bone marrow transplantations were successfully performed in patients with lymphomas after conventional chemotherapy had failed. With a better understanding of stem cell biology and transplant immunology, as well as better supportive care, the number of transplants has increased. Today, more than 20,000 allogeneic and more than 30,000 autologous HSC transplantations are performed yearly worldwide. The underlying diseases for autologous HSC transplantation are most often multiple myeloma or Non-Hodgkin lymphoma. About 50% of allogeneic transplantations are done in patients with acute leukemias. Table 66.1 shows additional indications for HSC transplantation, including non-malignant diseases such as severe aplastic anemia and hemoglobinopathies. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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