| Popis: |
The common forms of perianal Crohn’s disease (pCD) are skin tags, fissures, anal ulcers, fistulas-in-ano, rectovaginal fistulas, perianal fistulas or abscesses, anorectal strictures, and even cancer. Colonoscopy or flexible sigmoidoscopy has been routinely used to assess the extent and degree of luminal bowel inflammation and, in some cases, the presence of primary internal openings. The proper identification of fistula opening at the distal rectum and anal canal has important diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic implications. Endoscopy is also useful to assess other complications of pCD, including surgical anastomotic leaks, strictures, abscesses, and adenocarcinoma or squamous carcinoma. Therapeutic implications of endoscopy, such as endoscopic fistulotomy and endoscopy-guided seton placement, have been explored. Endoscopic evaluation can be performed in the endoscopy suite or under general anesthesia in the operating room. |
