| Autor: |
Jawad Hasan Shoqeir |
| Rok vydání: |
2019 |
| Předmět: |
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| Zdroj: |
Advances in Science, Technology & Innovation ISBN: 9783030015718 |
| DOI: |
10.1007/978-3-030-01572-5_65 |
| Popis: |
Water supply entails many activities, among which is to ensure a water supply with a quality that meets the WHO potable water standards. Water resources protection will secure good water quality and quantity in arid and semi-arid regions. Any human activities on the recharge area of a given water resource increase the contamination hazard and vulnerability of the wells and springs that are fed from this resource. This issue becomes problematic in semi-arid and arid zones, where the water resources are quite limited and the effect of dilution of effluents by the rainfall or in the aquifer storage is minimal and rare. Today, the wastewater effluents of the main cities are also discharged into these wadis, which contaminates the environment and the groundwater. The urban sector is growing fast and it produces effluents that are transferred to the wadis flowing into the Jordan Valley. This study focuses on Marsaba-Feshcha (M-F) Basin as one of the most important basins in the Jordan Valley that is connected to the Dead Sea. Rough estimations were provided for the spring annual discharge of water ranging between 30 and 50 MCM/Y. Vulnerability and risk maps were constructed using ArcGIS and My-Observatory software-based PI map. The hazard map shows the localization of potential contamination sources resulting from human activities and evaluates those according to their dangerousness. The risk map for the M-F Basin was thus created by overlaying the hazard and vulnerability maps. |
| Databáze: |
OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
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