Review of Offshore Wind Farm Impact Monitoring and Mitigation with Regard to Marine Mammals
| Autor: | Ursula K. Verfuss, Charles Arnot, Michael Coyle, Carol E. Sparling, Adrian Judd |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences business.industry 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology Environmental resource management 01 natural sciences Aquatic organisms Impact monitoring Offshore wind power Noise Environmental monitoring Environmental science media_common.cataloged_instance Environmental impact assessment European union business 0105 earth and related environmental sciences media_common |
| Zdroj: | The Effects of Noise on Aquatic Life II ISBN: 9781493929801 |
| Popis: | Monitoring and mitigation reports from 19 UK and 9 other European Union (EU) offshore wind farm (OWF) developments were reviewed, providing a synthesis of the evidence associated with the observed environmental impact on marine mammals. UK licensing conditions were largely concerned with mitigation measures reducing the risk of physical and auditory injury from pile driving. At the other EU sites, impact monitoring was conducted along with mitigation measures. Noise-mitigation measures were developed and tested in UK and German waters in German government-financed projects. We highlight some of the review’s findings and lessons learned with regard to noise impact on marine mammals. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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