Hypercalcemia Associated with Local and Ectopic Hormone Production
| Autor: | Dorothy A. Fink, Aline G. Costa, John P. Bilezikian, Natalie E. Cusano |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
musculoskeletal diseases
medicine.medical_specialty endocrine system diseases business.industry Renal function medicine.disease Malignancy Endocrinology Breast cancer Internal medicine medicine Etiology Endocrine system business hormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonists Primary hyperparathyroidism Multiple myeloma Hormone |
| Popis: | Hypercalcemia is a common endocrine problem. The most common causes of hypercalcemia are primary hyperparathyroidism in the outpatient and malignancy in the inpatient settings. Together, these two causes of hypercalcemia account for approximately 90% of all cases. Both primary hyperparathyroidism and malignancy have easily recognized laboratory patterns with the proviso that renal function is normal and the patient is not concomitantly taking vitamin D supplementation. It is important to note that although PTH and PTHrP share intense homology at their N-termini, primary hyperparathyroidism is typically associated with levels of 1,25(OH) 2 D that are in the upper range of normal or frankly elevated. PTHrP-mediated hypercalcemia does not usually cause elevations in 1,25(OH) 2 D concentrations. This chapter focuses on less common etiologies of hypercalcemia including local and ectopic hormone syndromes. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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