| Popis: |
In the early 1990s, it was estimated that approximately 500 commercial phase-transfer catalysis (PTC) processes were being performed using at least 25 million pounds per year of catalyst. It was also estimated that sales of products manufactured by processes consisting of at least one major PTC step were at least $10 billion/year (approximately $5 billion in polymers; $3 billion in pharmaceuticals; $2 billion in agricultural chemicals; $1 billion in monomers; and unestimated sales in general chemicals, flavors and fragrances, dyes, surfactants, explosives, and others). |
