Effect of emulsified water on the wax appearance temperature of water-in-waxy-crude-oil emulsions
| Autor: | Rahmat Mohsin, Ali Piroozian, Ali Esfandyari Bayat, Mahmoud Hemmati, Issham Ismail, Muhammad A. Manan |
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| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
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Wax Chromatography Chemistry Mixing (process engineering) 02 engineering and technology 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology Condensed Matter Physics Gibbs free energy symbols.namesake Differential scanning calorimetry 020401 chemical engineering Volume (thermodynamics) visual_art Emulsion symbols visual_art.visual_art_medium 0204 chemical engineering Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Solubility 0210 nano-technology Instrumentation |
| Zdroj: | Thermochimica Acta. 637:132-142 |
| ISSN: | 0040-6031 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.tca.2016.05.014 |
| Popis: | The article concentrates on the effect of emulsified water on the wax appearance temperatures (WATs) of water-in-waxy-crude-oil emulsions. Water-in-oil (w/o) emulsion samples with various water volume fractions (WVFs) were prepared by mixing a waxy crude oil with deionized water at three different stirring speeds. The WAT of each sample was attained via differential scanning calorimetry and was compared with that of the dehydrated crude. In addition, the effects of the WVF and the mean droplet size on the WAT of the emulsions were theoretically evaluated based on the relationship between the wax solubility in the crude oil and the Gibbs free energy concept. The results indicate a sharp increase in the WAT with the presence of water in the system, regardless of the volume of water. Greater deviations became apparent at higher WVFs and rotational speeds, which resulted in the formation of a larger number of droplets. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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