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Describes the design of a pad library for a semi-custom array family. It discusses the requirements defined by the application environment of semi-custom arrays. These requirements are subsequently translated into components and their respective characteristics. Three types of pads are distinguished: (1) power pads; (2) input, output, bi-directional and tri-state pads; and (3) special pads. The design of the pad master and its respective personalizations are described, together with their physical characteristics. Measurements of important characteristics are described, including ESD measurements and hot-electron effects. > |
