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Objectifs: Le riz africain a ete utilise pendant longtemps dans les systemes d’amelioration varietale. Malheureusement, il est en voie de disparition. Cette revue analytique vise principalement a faire une synthese des travaux realises sur le riz africain afin de definir des perspectives de recherche pour sa valorisation. Methodologie et resultats: Elle est realisee a partir d’une documentation axee sur la pertinence des articles. Une centaine d’articles scientifiques parus dans des revues indexees et/ou a facteur d’impact a diffusion internationale ont ete exploites. Les resultats montrent que le riz en generale a une grande importance socioeconomique et alimentaire. Les potentialites agronomiques et genetiques du riz africain font de lui un important patrimoine agricole pour faire face aux defis de l’agriculture en Afrique et a l’amelioration varietale. Ses performances avec les contraintes liees a sa competitivite suscitent un elan de recherche en vue de sa valorisation. Conclusion et applications des resultats: Le riz africain constitue un veritable reservoir de genes de resistance ou de tolerance a de nombreux stress environnementaux et presente egalement une diversite varietale lui permettant de s’adapter a plusieurs types d’habitat. Il ressort de cette revue analytique qu’une perspective de recherche axee sur l’exploitation des atouts du riz africain permettrait de booster la production rizicole en Afrique et de limiter sa dependance en riz importe. Ce plan de recherche offrira une visibilite au riz africain et contribuera a la souverainete alimentaire en Afrique. Mots cles: Oryza glaberrima, Potentiels, Amelioration, Valorisation English Title: African rice ( Oryza glaberrima ), alternative for imported rice? Analytical review of agronomic and nutritional performance and prospects for valorization English Abstract Objectives: For a long time African rice ( Oryza glaberrima ) was used in rice varietal improvement technical systems. Unfortunately, the African species is on the brink of extinction. This analytical review aims at summarising the work done about African rice in order to define research perspectives for its valorisation. Methodology and results: It is based on documentary research focuses on the relevance of the articles. In total, some 100 scientific articles appeared in indexed journals and / or with an international impact factor have been exploited. The results show rice, generally has socio economic and food importance. The agronomic performance of African rice ( Oryza glaberrima ) makes it an important agricultural heritage for the challenges of agriculture in Africa and varietal improvement. Its genetic potential and its competitiveness constraints arouses research prospects for its valorisation. Conclusions and application of findings: African rice is a reservoir of genes for resistance or tolerance to many environmental stresses and it also has varietal diversity allowing to adapt to several soil types. From the analysis of its results, a scientific research perspective focusing on the full exploitation of the assets of African rice would boost rice production in Africa and limit its dependence on imported rice. This research plan will provide visibility to African rice on a global scale and in the balance of food sovereignty in Africa. Keywords: Oryza glaberrima , Potentials, Improvement, Valorization |
